diff --git a/packages/app/e2e/actions.ts b/packages/app/e2e/actions.ts
index a56001248..8e21579e2 100644
--- a/packages/app/e2e/actions.ts
+++ b/packages/app/e2e/actions.ts
@@ -36,6 +36,22 @@ async function terminalID(term: Locator) {
   throw new Error(`Active terminal missing ${terminalAttr}`)
 }
 
+export async function terminalConnects(page: Page, input?: { term?: Locator }) {
+  const term = input?.term ?? page.locator(terminalSelector).first()
+  const id = await terminalID(term)
+  return page.evaluate((id) => {
+    return (window as E2EWindow).__opencode_e2e?.terminal?.terminals?.[id]?.connects ?? 0
+  }, id)
+}
+
+export async function disconnectTerminal(page: Page, input?: { term?: Locator }) {
+  const term = input?.term ?? page.locator(terminalSelector).first()
+  const id = await terminalID(term)
+  await page.evaluate((id) => {
+    ;(window as E2EWindow).__opencode_e2e?.terminal?.controls?.[id]?.disconnect?.()
+  }, id)
+}
+
 async function terminalReady(page: Page, term?: Locator) {
   const next = term ?? page.locator(terminalSelector).first()
   const id = await terminalID(next)
@@ -588,12 +604,19 @@ export async function seedSessionTask(
         .flatMap((message) => message.parts)
         .find((part) => {
           if (part.type !== "tool" || part.tool !== "task") return false
-          if (part.state.input?.description !== input.description) return false
-          return typeof part.state.metadata?.sessionId === "string" && part.state.metadata.sessionId.length > 0
+          if (!("state" in part) || !part.state || typeof part.state !== "object") return false
+          if (!("input" in part.state) || !part.state.input || typeof part.state.input !== "object") return false
+          if (!("description" in part.state.input) || part.state.input.description !== input.description) return false
+          if (!("metadata" in part.state) || !part.state.metadata || typeof part.state.metadata !== "object")
+            return false
+          if (!("sessionId" in part.state.metadata)) return false
+          return typeof part.state.metadata.sessionId === "string" && part.state.metadata.sessionId.length > 0
         })
 
-      if (!part) return
-      const id = part.state.metadata?.sessionId
+      if (!part || !("state" in part) || !part.state || typeof part.state !== "object") return
+      if (!("metadata" in part.state) || !part.state.metadata || typeof part.state.metadata !== "object") return
+      if (!("sessionId" in part.state.metadata)) return
+      const id = part.state.metadata.sessionId
       if (typeof id !== "string" || !id) return
       const child = await sdk.session
         .get({ sessionID: id })
diff --git a/packages/app/e2e/terminal/terminal-reconnect.spec.ts b/packages/app/e2e/terminal/terminal-reconnect.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b03ed8956
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/app/e2e/terminal/terminal-reconnect.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import type { Page } from "@playwright/test"
+import { disconnectTerminal, runTerminal, terminalConnects, waitTerminalReady } from "../actions"
+import { test, expect } from "../fixtures"
+import { terminalSelector } from "../selectors"
+import { terminalToggleKey } from "../utils"
+
+async function open(page: Page) {
+  const term = page.locator(terminalSelector).first()
+  const visible = await term.isVisible().catch(() => false)
+  if (!visible) await page.keyboard.press(terminalToggleKey)
+  await waitTerminalReady(page, { term })
+  return term
+}
+
+test("terminal reconnects without replacing the pty", async ({ page, withProject }) => {
+  await withProject(async ({ gotoSession }) => {
+    const name = `OPENCODE_E2E_RECONNECT_${Date.now()}`
+    const token = `E2E_RECONNECT_${Date.now()}`
+
+    await gotoSession()
+
+    const term = await open(page)
+    const id = await term.getAttribute("data-pty-id")
+    if (!id) throw new Error("Active terminal missing data-pty-id")
+
+    const prev = await terminalConnects(page, { term })
+
+    await runTerminal(page, {
+      term,
+      cmd: `export ${name}=${token}; echo ${token}`,
+      token,
+    })
+
+    await disconnectTerminal(page, { term })
+
+    await expect.poll(() => terminalConnects(page, { term }), { timeout: 15_000 }).toBeGreaterThan(prev)
+    await expect.poll(() => term.getAttribute("data-pty-id"), { timeout: 5_000 }).toBe(id)
+
+    await runTerminal(page, {
+      term,
+      cmd: `echo $${name}`,
+      token,
+      timeout: 15_000,
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/app/e2e/tsconfig.json b/packages/app/e2e/tsconfig.json
index 18e88ddc9..a86352b83 100644
--- a/packages/app/e2e/tsconfig.json
+++ b/packages/app/e2e/tsconfig.json
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
   "extends": "../tsconfig.json",
   "compilerOptions": {
     "noEmit": true,
+    "rootDir": "..",
     "types": ["node", "bun"]
   },
-  "include": ["./**/*.ts"]
+  "include": ["./**/*.ts", "../src/testing/terminal.ts"]
 }
diff --git a/packages/app/src/components/terminal.tsx b/packages/app/src/components/terminal.tsx
index ff455ebe2..d4eccbc82 100644
--- a/packages/app/src/components/terminal.tsx
+++ b/packages/app/src/components/terminal.tsx
@@ -65,6 +65,16 @@ const debugTerminal = (...values: unknown[]) => {
   console.debug("[terminal]", ...values)
 }
 
+const errorStatus = (err: unknown) => {
+  if (!err || typeof err !== "object") return
+  if (!("data" in err)) return
+  const data = err.data
+  if (!data || typeof data !== "object") return
+  if (!("statusCode" in data)) return
+  const status = data.statusCode
+  return typeof status === "number" ? status : undefined
+}
+
 const useTerminalUiBindings = (input: {
   container: HTMLDivElement
   term: Term
@@ -189,7 +199,11 @@ export const Terminal = (props: TerminalProps) => {
   const start =
     typeof local.pty.cursor === "number" && Number.isSafeInteger(local.pty.cursor) ? local.pty.cursor : undefined
   let cursor = start ?? 0
+  let seek = start !== undefined ? start : restore ? -1 : 0
   let output: ReturnType<typeof terminalWriter> | undefined
+  let drop: VoidFunction | undefined
+  let reconn: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined
+  let tries = 0
 
   const cleanup = () => {
     if (!cleanups.length) return
@@ -453,85 +467,135 @@ export const Terminal = (props: TerminalProps) => {
       }
 
       const once = { value: false }
-      let closing = false
-
-      const url = new URL(sdk.url + `/pty/${id}/connect`)
-      url.searchParams.set("directory", sdk.directory)
-      url.searchParams.set("cursor", String(start !== undefined ? start : restore ? -1 : 0))
-      url.protocol = url.protocol === "https:" ? "wss:" : "ws:"
-      url.username = server.current?.http.username ?? "opencode"
-      url.password = server.current?.http.password ?? ""
-
-      const socket = new WebSocket(url)
-      socket.binaryType = "arraybuffer"
-      ws = socket
-
-      const handleOpen = () => {
-        probe.connect()
-        local.onConnect?.()
-        scheduleSize(t.cols, t.rows)
-      }
-      socket.addEventListener("open", handleOpen)
-      if (socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) handleOpen()
-
       const decoder = new TextDecoder()
-      const handleMessage = (event: MessageEvent) => {
-        if (disposed) return
-        if (closing) return
-        if (event.data instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
-          const bytes = new Uint8Array(event.data)
-          if (bytes[0] !== 0) return
-          const json = decoder.decode(bytes.subarray(1))
-          try {
-            const meta = JSON.parse(json) as { cursor?: unknown }
-            const next = meta?.cursor
-            if (typeof next === "number" && Number.isSafeInteger(next) && next >= 0) {
-              cursor = next
-            }
-          } catch (err) {
-            debugTerminal("invalid websocket control frame", err)
-          }
-          return
-        }
 
-        const data = typeof event.data === "string" ? event.data : ""
-        if (!data) return
-        output?.push(data)
-        cursor += data.length
-      }
-      socket.addEventListener("message", handleMessage)
-
-      const handleError = (error: Event) => {
+      const fail = (err: unknown) => {
         if (disposed) return
-        if (closing) return
         if (once.value) return
         once.value = true
-        console.error("WebSocket error:", error)
-        local.onConnectError?.(error)
+        local.onConnectError?.(err)
       }
-      socket.addEventListener("error", handleError)
 
-      const handleClose = (event: CloseEvent) => {
+      const gone = () =>
+        sdk.client.pty
+          .get({ ptyID: id })
+          .then(() => false)
+          .catch((err) => {
+            if (errorStatus(err) === 404) return true
+            debugTerminal("failed to inspect terminal session", err)
+            return false
+          })
+
+      const retry = (err: unknown) => {
         if (disposed) return
-        if (closing) return
-        // Normal closure (code 1000) means PTY process exited - server event handles cleanup
-        // For other codes (network issues, server restart), trigger error handler
-        if (event.code !== 1000) {
-          if (once.value) return
-          once.value = true
-          local.onConnectError?.(new Error(language.t("terminal.connectionLost.abnormalClose", { code: event.code })))
-        }
-      }
-      socket.addEventListener("close", handleClose)
+        if (reconn !== undefined) return
 
-      cleanups.push(() => {
-        closing = true
-        socket.removeEventListener("open", handleOpen)
-        socket.removeEventListener("message", handleMessage)
-        socket.removeEventListener("error", handleError)
-        socket.removeEventListener("close", handleClose)
-        if (socket.readyState !== WebSocket.CLOSED && socket.readyState !== WebSocket.CLOSING) socket.close(1000)
+        const ms = Math.min(250 * 2 ** Math.min(tries, 4), 4_000)
+        reconn = setTimeout(async () => {
+          reconn = undefined
+          if (disposed) return
+          if (await gone()) {
+            if (disposed) return
+            fail(err)
+            return
+          }
+          if (disposed) return
+          tries += 1
+          open()
+        }, ms)
+      }
+
+      const open = () => {
+        if (disposed) return
+        drop?.()
+
+        const url = new URL(sdk.url + `/pty/${id}/connect`)
+        url.searchParams.set("directory", sdk.directory)
+        url.searchParams.set("cursor", String(seek))
+        url.protocol = url.protocol === "https:" ? "wss:" : "ws:"
+        url.username = server.current?.http.username ?? "opencode"
+        url.password = server.current?.http.password ?? ""
+
+        const socket = new WebSocket(url)
+        socket.binaryType = "arraybuffer"
+        ws = socket
+
+        const handleOpen = () => {
+          if (disposed) return
+          tries = 0
+          probe.connect()
+          local.onConnect?.()
+          scheduleSize(t.cols, t.rows)
+        }
+
+        const handleMessage = (event: MessageEvent) => {
+          if (disposed) return
+          if (event.data instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
+            const bytes = new Uint8Array(event.data)
+            if (bytes[0] !== 0) return
+            const json = decoder.decode(bytes.subarray(1))
+            try {
+              const meta = JSON.parse(json) as { cursor?: unknown }
+              const next = meta?.cursor
+              if (typeof next === "number" && Number.isSafeInteger(next) && next >= 0) {
+                cursor = next
+                seek = next
+              }
+            } catch (err) {
+              debugTerminal("invalid websocket control frame", err)
+            }
+            return
+          }
+
+          const data = typeof event.data === "string" ? event.data : ""
+          if (!data) return
+          output?.push(data)
+          cursor += data.length
+          seek = cursor
+        }
+
+        const handleError = (error: Event) => {
+          if (disposed) return
+          debugTerminal("websocket error", error)
+        }
+
+        const stop = () => {
+          socket.removeEventListener("open", handleOpen)
+          socket.removeEventListener("message", handleMessage)
+          socket.removeEventListener("error", handleError)
+          socket.removeEventListener("close", handleClose)
+          if (ws === socket) ws = undefined
+          if (drop === stop) drop = undefined
+          if (socket.readyState !== WebSocket.CLOSED && socket.readyState !== WebSocket.CLOSING) socket.close(1000)
+        }
+
+        const handleClose = (event: CloseEvent) => {
+          if (ws === socket) ws = undefined
+          if (drop === stop) drop = undefined
+          socket.removeEventListener("open", handleOpen)
+          socket.removeEventListener("message", handleMessage)
+          socket.removeEventListener("error", handleError)
+          socket.removeEventListener("close", handleClose)
+          if (disposed) return
+          if (event.code === 1000) return
+          retry(new Error(language.t("terminal.connectionLost.abnormalClose", { code: event.code })))
+        }
+
+        drop = stop
+        socket.addEventListener("open", handleOpen)
+        socket.addEventListener("message", handleMessage)
+        socket.addEventListener("error", handleError)
+        socket.addEventListener("close", handleClose)
+      }
+
+      probe.control({
+        disconnect: () => {
+          if (!ws) return
+          ws.close(4_000, "e2e")
+        },
       })
+
+      open()
     }
 
     void run().catch((err) => {
@@ -549,6 +613,8 @@ export const Terminal = (props: TerminalProps) => {
     disposed = true
     if (fitFrame !== undefined) cancelAnimationFrame(fitFrame)
     if (sizeTimer !== undefined) clearTimeout(sizeTimer)
+    if (reconn !== undefined) clearTimeout(reconn)
+    drop?.()
     if (ws && ws.readyState !== WebSocket.CLOSED && ws.readyState !== WebSocket.CLOSING) ws.close(1000)
 
     const finalize = () => {
diff --git a/packages/app/src/testing/terminal.ts b/packages/app/src/testing/terminal.ts
index aa1974404..4c179dee3 100644
--- a/packages/app/src/testing/terminal.ts
+++ b/packages/app/src/testing/terminal.ts
@@ -2,21 +2,28 @@ export const terminalAttr = "data-pty-id"
 
 export type TerminalProbeState = {
   connected: boolean
+  connects: number
   rendered: string
   settled: number
 }
 
+type TerminalProbeControl = {
+  disconnect?: VoidFunction
+}
+
 export type E2EWindow = Window & {
   __opencode_e2e?: {
     terminal?: {
       enabled?: boolean
       terminals?: Record<string, TerminalProbeState>
+      controls?: Record<string, TerminalProbeControl>
     }
   }
 }
 
 const seed = (): TerminalProbeState => ({
   connected: false,
+  connects: 0,
   rendered: "",
   settled: 0,
 })
@@ -25,15 +32,28 @@ const root = () => {
   if (typeof window === "undefined") return
   const state = (window as E2EWindow).__opencode_e2e?.terminal
   if (!state?.enabled) return
+  return state
+}
+
+const terms = () => {
+  const state = root()
+  if (!state) return
   state.terminals ??= {}
   return state.terminals
 }
 
+const controls = () => {
+  const state = root()
+  if (!state) return
+  state.controls ??= {}
+  return state.controls
+}
+
 export const terminalProbe = (id: string) => {
   const set = (next: Partial<TerminalProbeState>) => {
-    const terms = root()
-    if (!terms) return
-    terms[id] = { ...(terms[id] ?? seed()), ...next }
+    const state = terms()
+    if (!state) return
+    state[id] = { ...(state[id] ?? seed()), ...next }
   }
 
   return {
@@ -41,24 +61,37 @@ export const terminalProbe = (id: string) => {
       set(seed())
     },
     connect() {
-      set({ connected: true })
+      const state = terms()
+      if (!state) return
+      const prev = state[id] ?? seed()
+      state[id] = {
+        ...prev,
+        connected: true,
+        connects: prev.connects + 1,
+      }
     },
     render(data: string) {
-      const terms = root()
-      if (!terms) return
-      const prev = terms[id] ?? seed()
-      terms[id] = { ...prev, rendered: prev.rendered + data }
+      const state = terms()
+      if (!state) return
+      const prev = state[id] ?? seed()
+      state[id] = { ...prev, rendered: prev.rendered + data }
     },
     settle() {
-      const terms = root()
-      if (!terms) return
-      const prev = terms[id] ?? seed()
-      terms[id] = { ...prev, settled: prev.settled + 1 }
+      const state = terms()
+      if (!state) return
+      const prev = state[id] ?? seed()
+      state[id] = { ...prev, settled: prev.settled + 1 }
+    },
+    control(next: Partial<TerminalProbeControl>) {
+      const state = controls()
+      if (!state) return
+      state[id] = { ...(state[id] ?? {}), ...next }
     },
     drop() {
-      const terms = root()
-      if (!terms) return
-      delete terms[id]
+      const state = terms()
+      if (state) delete state[id]
+      const control = controls()
+      if (control) delete control[id]
     },
   }
 }